Impact of dark tetrad personality traits on nascent entrepreneurial behavior: the mediating role of entrepreneurial intention

Frontiers of Business Research in China

Table 1 Measurement model

Variable and construct	Loading	VIF	Cronbach’s alpha	Composite reliability	AVE
Narcissism		1.072	0.945	0.953	0.695
NAR 1	0.916
NAR 2	0.840
NAR 3	0.864
NAR 4	0.837
NAR 5	0.836
NAR 6	0.845
NAR 7	0.745
NAR 8	0.835
NAR 9	0.778
Psychopathy		1.032	0.914	0.928	0.590
PSY 1	0.781
PSY 2	0.757
PSY 3	0.786
PSY 4	0.737
PSY 5	0.762
PSY 6	0.731
PSY 7	0.762
PSY 8	0.779
PSY 9	0.815
Machiavellianism		1.148	0.945	0.953	0.694
MAC 1	0.860
MAC 2	0.811
MAC 3	0.838
MAC 4	0.800
MAC 5	0.794
MAC 6	0.842
MAC 7	0.864
MAC 8	0.879
MAC 9	0.808
Sadism		1.113	0.938	0.947	0.666
SAD 1	0.784
SAD 2	0.840
SAD 3	0.802
SAD 4	0.836
SAD 5	0.814
SAD 6	0.789
SAD 7	0.846
SAD 8	0.824
SAD 9	0.809
Entrepreneurial intention		1.159	0.937	0.952	0.799
EI 1	0.891
EI 2	0.894
EI 3	0.852
EI 4	0.917
EI 5	0.922
Nascent entrepreneurial behavior		–	0.954	0.961	0.799
NEB 1	0.801
NEB 2	0.895
NEB 3	0.856
NEB 4	0.862
NEB 5	0.883
NEB 6	0.861
NEB 7	0.864
NEB 8	0.917